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ment appointed a Resident General at Seoul to direct the diplomacy of that country. Thenceforward Korea definitely ceased to have any connection with the Chinese Empire and passed under Japanese
suzerainty.
3.
Annam was claimed by China as a vassal state as recently as 1882; and in the convention, signed by Li Hung-chang and Captain Fournier in May,1884, France agreed to respect the fiction of Chinese suzerainty over Tongking. But this fiction was soon abandoned; and by the terms agreed on at Tientsin in June,1885, it was stipulated that France should take Tongking and Annam under her protection.
4.
The Chinese Empire had had shadowy pretensions to
country suzerainty over Burma since the Mongol invasion of that
in 1284, under the reign of Kublai Khan; and,in 1766, during the period of the Manchu dynasty, a Chinese army of 50,000 men from
This army was, however, the province of Yurman invaded Burma. totally destroyed by the Burmans and thenceforward all claims of the Hanchu dynasty to suzerainty over Burma were abandoned.
5.
க
For centuries China has asserted/suzerainty over Tibet. For example, in 1653, the Chinese Goverment confirmed the Dalai Lama in his authority and he visited Peking. A Chinese army finally conquered that country in 1720; and, no doubt, the isolation of Tibet was contrived by the Chinese with the idea of creating a buffer state against European aggression from this direction. However, ever since the British armed mis- sion to Lhasa in 1904, Chinese power in that inaccessible region has been steadily on the wane; and, although the Anglo- Russian Convention of 1907 recognized the suzerain rights of China over Tibet, that country is now virtually independent.
6.
In 1790 the Gurkhas invaded Tibet and were thus brought into contact with the Chinese, who in 1791 sent a large army to invade Nepal. In 1792 the Chinese advanced as far as Noakote and there dictated terms to the Nepalese,
who
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